Vol. 8 No. 4 (2017)

This paper studies and assesses the methodology of the “Link Program”, i.e., a process which the owners of micro-enterprises can undergo to help them grow their micro-enterprises into small and medium sized concerns. We evaluated the impact on the performance of micro entrepreneurs as a function of financial and non-financial support provided by a microfinance bank – NMB. The paper established specific criteria for enterprises’ graduation, namely: completing 3 loan periods with outstanding credibility and dedication of repayment, continuous profit growth rate obtained as a result of activities (revenue) expansion, formalizing the enterprise by registering it with the government, and generating jobs for local candidates. The paper made use of a sample of 8,000clients who took business loans and had accessed non-financial support provided by the NMB during a period of six to eighteen months. We employed a standard data analysis against graduation criteria and found the “AS IS” non-financial services (counseling and networking) have affected the performance of a few micro and small enterprises; only 13.7% of NMB’s clients grew. Although many micro and small enterprises do not usually grow as would be expected, the result from Jordan is below the international practices which showed that 50% and 60% of modern MSE in Latin America and Asia grew from low entrepreneurs. It was therefore concluded that NMB should design and deliver a more comprehensive and innovative non-financial services (“TO BE” approach).

This study empirically examines determinants of Micro-insurance ownership decision in Ghana. Probit estimation technique was used to examine data sourced from 612 informal commercial business operators in selected urban market centers in Ghana. The results reveal that financial literacy has significant effect on micro-insurance ownership decision among informal commercial market business operators in Ghana. The study also found income, access to credit, trust, market levy, Marital status and household headship status as other major predictors of micro-insurance ownership decision. Premised on these, the study recommends financial literacy education intervention by micro-insurance providers to increase microinsurance patronage. Micro-insurance providers should invest in building reputation to encourage participation in micro-insurance scheme. Also, efforts of government should focus on improving access to credit facilities and income generation prospects among informal businesses operators in Ghana.

This study aims at finding out the community satisfaction index on the service of the Regional Library of Ogan KomeringIlir (OKI) regency. Through a quantitative descriptive method with questionnaire distribution to 150 respondents, the result showed that the public service has run well. As all components of the community satisfaction index were in "good" category with an average score of 77.61. The component of service that received the highest score was "courtesy and friendliness" of the serving personnel with a score of 3.22. Meanwhile, "terms of service" component got the lowest score 3.02. In other words, things related to various requirements in obtaining the service should be of particular concern because this component obtained the lowest score. There should be a solution to this problem so the community would be able to access the service easily without any complaints or dissatisfaction.

The present study has been designed to assess Implication of deviant behavior among in Central Punjab Pakistan. Generally, crime is treated as the unexpected behavior of an individual which goes against the law. The main purpose of this study is to analyze the implications of crime in society. In Pakistan, lower socio-economic status holders are involved in crimes as well as high socio-economic holders are also involved, hence they want to accumulate more wealth through illegal ways. Crime affects the state in social, economic and psychological terms. The present study was conducted in central Punjab. A sample of 300 respondents was selected by using convenient sampling technique from the one selected district of the central Punjab. Moreover, data was with the help of a well-designed interview schedule. Collected data was analyzed by using SPSS. On the bases on finding it was concluded that there are number of socio-economic and psychological factors that created problems in state and become hurdle in the sustainable development of Pakistan and this problem badly damage the whole sphere of the society. Some policy measure and recommendations was also proposed by the study to cope with this problem.

With rapid globalization sweeping through the globe, the movement of people throughout the world has increased significantly over the last 20 years. Motivated by the thrill of earning better salaries and living in countries characterised by better standards of living, people have travelled long distances in search of such opportunities. Undoubtedly, the economic buoyancy of countries like South Africa and Botswana has attracted thousands of migrants from the SADC who are seeking job opportunities, further straining government resources and impeding the effective functioning of border immigration services. The unequal rate of economic development in the region has further created an increasing gap between fast-developing and slow developing nations, hence the unequal rate of migration. Skills transfer and collaborations have been the major benefits of cross border-migration for SADC, although crime and xenophobia have also been identified as problems associated with cross-border migration in Southern Africa. The flow of remittances from South Africa has played a crucial role in fighting poverty and hunger in the migrant’s home country and contributed significantly to government finances. However, the absence of a regionally accepted policy aimed at regulating migration means that illegal cross-border migration will carry on being a problem in the region and unfortunately the absence of policies aiming at spurring collective regional economic growth means illegal cross-border migration will increase in the years to come.