Author

  • Anton Miglo

    • University of Bridgeport, School of Business, Bridgeport

Abstract

This article analyzes the development of property rights (PR) for intellectual property (IP). There is a fundamental tension between competition policy and IP. IP rights confer a certain degree of monopoly power on the owner of IP rights. Some authors found that there are too many patents in Biotechnological or Internet industry. The regulation of intellectual property has expanded dramatically in many countries in recent years and competition authorities are increasingly asking for methodological help in determining the duration and scope of patents. The issue has taken on an increased importance and visibility in the wake of the numerous high profile court cases in the pharmaceutical and internet industry. This paper analyzes a model of PR development for IP. We consider an environment where two agents (researchers) decide whether to determine the allocation of PR or work without establishment of property rights. Both agents may be involved both in research and "political" fight for intellectual property. PR can improve the incentive of one party and worsen the incentive of another party. The main results are: 1) PR do not always emerge and; 2) their emergence is more probable when the more productive party has poor political skills.

Keywords

References

  • Aghion, P. & Tirole, J. (1994). The Management of Innovation. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 109(4), 1185-1209.
  • Case C-418/01, IMS Health GmbH & Co. OHG v. NDC Health Gmbh & Co. KG, [2004] E.C.R. I-5039.
  • Claessens, S., Djankov, S. & Lang, L. (2000). The Separation of Ownership and Control in East Asian Corporations. Journal of Financial Economics, 58 (1-2), 81-112.
  • De Meza, D. & Lockwood, B. (1998). Does Asset Ownership Always Motivate Managers? Outside Options And The Property Rights Theory Of The Firm. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 113(2), 361-386.
  • Dosal, P. (1995). Power in Transition: The Rise of Guatemala's Industrial Oligarchy, 1871--1994. Westport, CT: Praeger Publishers.
  • eBay, Inc. v. MercExchange LLC, 126 S.Ct. 1837 (2006).
  • First, H. (2006). Microsoft and the Evolution of the Intellectual Property Concept. Wisconsin Law Review. 1369-1432.
  • Gangi, M. (1999). The Competition Policy and the Exercise of Intellectual Property Rights. Working paper, LUISS (Libera Universta).
  • Gilbert, R. & Tom, W. (2001). Is Innovation King at the Antitrust Agencies? The Intellectual Property Guidelines Five Years Later. Working Paper, Competition Policy Center, CRC-01020.
  • Grossman, H. (2001). The Creation of Effective Property Rights. American Economic Review, 91, 347-352.
  • Grossman, H. & Kim, M. (1995). Sword or Plowshares? A Theory of the Security of Claims to Property. Journal of political Economy, 103, 1275-1288.
  • Grossman, S. & Hart, O. (1986). The Cost and Benefits of Ownership: A Theory of Vertical and Lateral Integration. Journal of Political Economy, 9, 691-719.
  • Hart, O. and Moore, J. (1990). Property Rights and the Nature of the Firm. Journal of Political Economy, 98, 1119-1158.
  • Hart, O. (1995). Firms, Contracts and Financial Structure. Clarendon Press, Oxford.
  • Heller, M. (2008). The Gridlock Economy: How Too Much Ownership Wrecks Markets, Stops Innovation, and Costs Lives. Kindle Edition.
  • Heller, M. & R. Eisenberg. (1998). Can Patents Deter Innovation? The Anticommons in Biomedical Research . Science 1, 280 (5364), 698 -- 701.
  • Hoffman, D. E. (2002). The Oligarchs: Wealth and Power in the New Russia. Public Affairs, New York..
  • Johnson, S. & Mitton, T. (2001). Cronyism and Capital Controls: Evidence from Malaysia. mimeo.
  • Johnson, S., Boone, P., Breach, A. & Friedman, R. (2000). Corporate Governance in the Asian Financial Crisis, 1997-98. Journal of Financial Economics, 58, 141-186.
  • Kahin, B. (2002). Competition and Intellectual Property Law and Policy in Knowledge-Based Economy. Hearings on Intellectual Property, Washington, D.C.
  • La Porta, R., Lopez-de, S. F., Shleifer, A. & Vishny, R. (1997). Legal Determinants of External Finance. Journal of Finance, 52(3), 1131-50.
  • La Porta, R., Lopez-De, S. F., & Shleifer, A. (1999). Corporate Ownership Around the World. Journal of Finance, 54(2), 471-517.
  • Li, D. (1996). A Theory of Ambiguous Property Rights in Transition Economies: The Case of the Chinese NonState Sector. Journal of Comparative Economics, 23(1), 1-19.
  • Loshin, J. (2007). Secrets Revealed: How Magicians Protect Intellectual Property without Law. Working paper available at SSRN: http://ssrn.com/abstract=1005564.
  • Medimmune, Inc. v. Genentech, Inc., 127 S.Ct. 764 (2007).
  • Muthoo, A. (2004). A Model of Origins of Basic Property Rights. Games and Economic Behavior, 49, 288-312.
  • Polishchuk, L. and Savvateev, A. (1997). Spontaneous Emergence of Property Rights: A Critical Analysis. mimeo.
  • Rajan, R. & Zingales, L. (1998). Power in a Theory of the Firm. Quarterly Journal of Economics, 113, 387-432.
  • RTE v. Commission (Magill), (1995) E.C.R. I-743, (1995) 4 C.M.L.R. 718.
  • Ramseyer, M. & Rosenbluth, M. (1995). The Politics of Oligarchy: Institutional Choice in Imperial Japon. NY, Cambridge University Press.
  • Robson, A. & Skaperdas, S. (2008). Costly Enforcement of Property Rights and the Coase Theorem. Economic Theory, 36 (1), 109-128.
  • Sidak, J. G. & Teece, D. (2009). Dynamic Competition in Antitrust Law. Journal of Competition Law & Economics, 5 (4), 581--631.
  • Skaperdas, S. (1992). Cooperation, Conflict, and Power in the Absence of Property Rights. American Economic Review, 82(4), 720-39.
  • Skaperdas, S. & Syropoulos, C. (1997). The Distribution of Income in the Presence of Appropriate Activities. Economica, 64, 101-17.
  • Stiglitz, J. (2002). Globalization and Its Discontents. NY and London: WW Norton.
  • Teleflex, Inc. v. KSR Int'l, Co., 119 Fed. Appx. 282 (2005), cert. granted, 75 U.S.L.W.3262 (U.S. June 26, 2006) (No. 04-1350).
  • Watt, R. (2006). The Past and the Future of the Economics of Copyright. Review of Economic Research on Copyright Issues, 1(1), 151-171.

Downloads

No downloads have been recorded for this article yet. Figures appear here once readers begin downloading the full text.

How to Cite

Miglo, A. (2011). The Development of Property Rights for Intellectual Property. Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies, 3(4), 224-234. https://doi.org/10.22610/jebs.v3i4.275

Share this article

Section

Research Paper

Published

2011-10-15

Submissions

Have research to publish? Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies welcomes submissions.

Make a Submission