Author

  • Cecil A. L. Pearson

    • School of Management Curtin University Perth, Western Australia
    • Australia
  • Klaus Helms

    • Gumatj Corporation Nhulunbuy, Northern Territory, Australia
    • Australia

Abstract

The Australian government has expressed commitment for Aboriginal entrepreneurship contending it is a pathway for ameliorating poverty, improving economic self-reliance, and building life quality. Yet a restrained geographic and sector spread of Australian Indigenous small business suggests there may be other important motives for starting an enterprise. This paper narrates responses from conversations with Aboriginal women ata remote settlement in the Northern Territory of Australia to reveal they were driven not by desires to acquire wealth, improve their educational opportunities or to escape poverty, but by practical aspirations of operating a local store selling household commodities used in daily living, a coffee shop meeting place, and to meaningfully change their existing community roles enabling them to ‘get off welfare’. Documenting the experiences and expectations of these Indigenous women exposes how Aboriginal culture, family, and community socialising networks can contribute to fostering female entrepreneurship.

Keywords

References

  • Adams, C. (2004). Triple bottom line reporting. Big picture: How the environment influences corporate profit , 47-47.
  • Altman, J. (2002). Indigenous hunter – gatherers in the 21st century: beyond the limits of universalism in Australian social policy. In T. Eardley & B. Bradbury (Eds.), Competing visions: Refereed proceedings of the National Social Policy Conference 2001, SPRC Report 1/02, and Sydney: Social Policy Research Centre, University of New South Wales, 35-44.
  • Altman, J. C. (2003). People on country healthy landscapes and sustainable Indigenous economic communities, The Arnhem Land case. The Drawing Board: An Australian Review of Public Affairs , 4(2), 65-82.
  • Anderson, I. (2007). The end of Aboriginal self determination, Futures, 39(2/3), 137-154.
  • Anglicare, T. (2009). Gove Peninsula suicide mitigation ‘working strategy’ 2009, Developed as part of the Yuta – Walnga – suicide safer communities project, January – June 2009. Nhulunbuy, Northern Territory: Anglicare Northern Territory.
  • Australian Bureau of Statistics (ABS). (2011). Australian social trends. Retrieved from http://www.abs.gov.au/AUSSTATS/abs@nsf/Lookup/4102.0Main + Features10Mar+2 as on 17 October 2011.
  • Australian Government. (2010a). Indigenous economic development strategy: Draft for consideration and Action Plan 2010-2012, Canberra: Australian Government Printer.
  • Australian Government. (2010b). Night patrol services in the Northern Territory: Operational framework , Canberra: Attorney-General’s Department.
  • Australian Government. (2007). Indigenous programs: Business and Employment. Retrieved from http://www.oeeo.wa.gov.au/documents/diversitybizz/past%20articles/Indigenous%20progra ms%20Business%20employment.pdfas on 1 September, 2009.
  • Australian Taxation Office. (2009). Indigenous small business owners in Australia. Canberra: Australian Taxation Office.
  • Berndt, R. M. & Berndt, C. H. (1999).The world of the first Australians: Aboriginal traditional life past and present, Canberra: Aboriginal Studies Press.
  • Birdsall-Jones, C., Wood, D. & Jones, R. (2007). Great expectations: Indigenous land based tourism in regional Western Australia. In J. Buultjens & D. Fuller (Eds.), Striving for sustainability: Case studies in Indigenous tourism (187-209), Lismore, NSW: Southern Cross University Press.
  • Blanch, S. (2008). Steps to a sustainable northern Australia. Ecological Management and Restoration , 9(2), 110-115.
  • Brotherhood, G. (2002). Facts, figures and suggestions for the future: Poverty Retrieved from www.bsl.org.au as on 17 October 2011.
  • Buultjens, J., Brereton, D., Memmott, P., Reser, J., Thomason, L. & O’Rourke, T. (2010). The mining sector and Indigenous tourism development in Weipa, Queensland. Tourism Management, 31, 597-606.
  • Buultjens, J. & Fuller, D. (2007). String for sustainability: Case studies in Indigenous tourism. Lismore, NSW: Southern Cross University Press.
  • Cawte, J. (2010). Healers of Arnhem Land, Marleston, Australia: Gecko Books.
  • Choi, H. C. & Sirakaya, E. (2006). Sustainability indicators for managing community tourism. Tourism Management, 27, 1274-1289.
  • d’Abbs, P. & Maclean, S. (2008).Volitile substance misuse: A review of interventions. Monograph Series No. 65, Barton, ACT: Department of Health and Ageing.
  • Dana, L. P. (1995). Entrepreneurship in a remote sub-Arctic community. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice , 20(1), 57-72.
  • Dockery, A. M. (2009). Culture and wellbeing: The case of Indigenous Australians, Curtin Business School, Curtin University of Technology, Western Australia: Centre for Labour Market Research and School of Economics and Finance.
  • Dodson, M. & Smith, D. E. (2003). Governance for sustainable development: Strategic issues and principles for Indigenous Australian communities, Canberra: CAEPR.
  • Dunning, J. (2006). New directions in international business research. Academy of International Business Insights, 6(2), 3-9.
  • Egbert, H., Fischer, G. & Bredl, S. (2011). Different background – similar strategies: Recruitment in Tanzanian – African and Tanzanian – Asian companies. Journal of Entrepreneurship, 20(2), 189205.
  • Foley, D. (2003). An examination of Indigenous Australian entrepreneurs. Journal of Developmental Entrepreneurship , 8(2), 133-151.
  • Foley, D. (2006a). Does business success make you and less Indigenous?, Proceedings of the Conference on Regional Frontiers of Entrepreneurship Research 2006: 3rd International Australian Graduate School of Entrepreneurship, Entrepreneurship Research Exchange, Auckland, New Zealand, 8-10 February, 2006, 241-257.
  • Foley, D. (2006b). Indigenous Australian entrepreneurs: Not all community organisations, not all in the outback, Canberra, The Australian National University: Centre for Aboriginal Economic Policy Research.
  • Foley, D. (2007). Do we understand Indigenous entrepreneurship? 2007 SEAANZ Conference Proceedings, Manukau City, New Zealand, 23-26 September.
  • Foley, D. (2008). Does culture and social capital impact on the networking attributes of Indigenous entrepreneurs? Journal of Enterprising Communities: People and Places in the Global Economy , 2(3), 204-224.
  • Foley, D. (2010). Enterprise and entrepreneurship are not un-Aboriginal. Journal of Australian Indigenous Issues, 13(4), 85-93.
  • Furneaux, C. W. & Brown, K. A. (2008). Australian Indigenous entrepreneurships: A capital –based view. International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Innovation, 9(2), 133-144.
  • Galbraith, C. S., Rodrigues, C. L. & Styles, C. S. (2006). False myths and Indigenous entrepreneurial strategies. Journal of Small Business and Entrepreneurship, 19(1), 1-22.
  • Gumatj Retail. (2011). Gunyangara retail development women’s IEP and business plan. Gunyangara, Northern Territory: Gumatj Corporation.
  • Hall, C. M. & Lew, A. (1998). Sustainable tourism: A geographic perspective . Harlow, UK: Addison Wesley Longman.
  • Hindle, K. & Moroz, P. (2009). Indigenous entrepreneurship as a research field: Developing a definitional framework from the emerging canon. The International Entrepreneurship Management Journal , Retrieved from http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11365-009-0111-x as on 10 March 2010.
  • Hofstede, G. (1980). Culture’s consequences. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
  • Homelessness. (2011). Homeless and poverty. Retrieved from www.homlessnessaustralia.org.au as on 17 October 2011.
  • IBR. (2003). Report on support for Indigenous business . Canberra: Indigenous Business Review.
  • Ivory, B. (1999). Enterprise development: A model for Aboriginal entrepreneurs. South Pacific Journal of Psychology , 11(2), 62-71.
  • Johns, G. (2011). Aboriginal self determination: The Whiteman’s dream. Ballan, Victoria: Connorcourt.
  • Macknight, C. C. (1981). Journal of a voyage around Arnhem Land in 1875. Aboriginal History, 5(2), 135144.
  • Maddison, S. (2008). Indigenous autonomy Australian government’s ‘intervention’ in Aboriginal communities. Australian Journal of Human Rights , 14(1), 41-61.
  • McGuirk, R. (2011). Aboriginal crisis: Some see ‘no other way but jail’, Retrieved from http://www.guardian.co.uk/world/feedarticle/9717125 as on 17 October 2011.
  • McKenzie, M. (1976). Mission to Arnhem Land. Sydney: Rigby Limited.
  • Midford, R., Maclean, S., Catto, M., Thomson, N. & Debuyst, O. (2011). Review of volatile substance use among Indigenous people. Australian Indigenous Health Reviews, 6, 1-19. Retrieved from http://www.healthinfonet.ecu.edu.au/volatile - substance as on 17 October 2011.
  • Open for Business. (2008). Developing Indigenous enterprises in Australia. House of Representatives: Stranding Committee on Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Affairs , Canberra: Printing and Publishing Office.
  • Pearson, C. A. L. & Chatterjee, S. R. (2010). Extending business education beyond traditional boundaries: A case study in negotiated problem resolution is a remote regional Indigenous community in Australia. Journal of Teaching in International Business, 21(4), 307-328.
  • Pearson, C. A. L. & Helms, K. (2010a). Realising Indigenous entrepreneurial capacity: A case study of the Yolngu clan in a remote region of northern Australia. Global Business and Economics Review, 12(1/2), 72-84.
  • Pearson, C. A. L. & Helms, K. (2010b). Building social entrepreneurship in a remote Australian Indigenous community: The East Arnhem Land housing construction case. Journal of Australian Indigenous Issues, 13(4), 2-18.
  • Pearson, C. A. L. & Helms, K. (2011). Indigenous entrepreneurship in timber furniture manufacturing: The Gumatj venture in northern Australia. Information Management and Business Review, 2(1), 1-11.
  • Pearson, N. (2007). White guilt, victimhood and the quest for a radical centre. Griffith Review , 16, 3-58. Peredo, A. M., Anderson, R. B., Galbraith, C. S., Hoing, B. & Dana, L. P. (2004). Towards a theory of Indigenous entrepreneurship. International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business , 1(1/2), 1-20.
  • Pholi, K., Black, D. & Richards, C. (2009). Is ‘close the gap’ a useful approach to improving the health and wellbeing of Indigenous Australians? Australian Review of Public Affairs , 9(2), 1-13.
  • Ralston, D. A., Holt, D. H., Terpstra, R. H. & Yu, K. U. (1997). The impact of national culture and economic ideology in managerial work values: A study in the United States, Russia, Japan and China. Journal of International Business Studies, 28(1), 177-207.
  • Rola-Rubzen, M. F. (2011).The anatomy of the Australian entrepreneur: Understanding, micro, small and medium business entrepreneurs in Australia, Curtin University: Ninti One.
  • Rose, F. G. G. (1987).The traditional mode of production of the Australian Aborigines, Sydney: Angus and Robertson.
  • Rowley, K. G., Daniel, M., Skinner, K., Skinner, M., White, G. A. & O’Dea, K. (2000). Effectiveness of a community - directed ‘healthy lifestyle’ program in a remote Australian Aboriginal community. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health , 24(2), 136-144.
  • Rowley, K. G., O’Dea, K., Anderson, I., McDermott, R., Saraswati, K., Tilmouth, R., Roberts, I., Fitz, J., Wang, Z., Jenkins, A., Best, J. D., Wang, Z. & Brown, A. (2008). Lower than expected morbidity and mortality for an Australian Aboriginal population: 10-year follow-up in a decentralised community. Medical Journal Australia , 188(5), 283-287.
  • Russell, D. (2004). Aboriginal –Makassan interactions in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries in northern Australia and contemporary sea rights claims. Australian Aboriginal Studies, 1, 3-17.
  • Russell-Mundine, G. (2007). Key factors for the successful development of Australian Indigenous entrepreneurship, Tourism: Preliminary Communication , 55(4), 417-429.
  • Sanders, W. (2002).Towards an Indigenous order of Australian government: Rethinking self determination as Indigenous affairs policy, Canberra: Centre for Aboriginal Economic Policy Research: The Australian National University.
  • Schaper, M. (2007). Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander entrepreneurship in Australia: Looking forward, looking back. In L.P. Dana & R.B. Anderson (Eds.), International Handbook of Research on Indigenous Entrepreneurship, Cheltenham: Edward Elgar, 526-535.
  • Searcy, A. (1909).The Australian tropics . London: George Robinson and Co.
  • Shepherdson, E. (1981). Half a century in Arnhem Land, Terriers Park, South Australia: Panprint.
  • Simeone, T. (2007).The Harvard Project on American Indian economic development: Findings and considerations. Ottawa, Canada: Parliament of Canada.
  • Smith, A. (2006). Indigenous development – without community, without commerce. Australian Review of Public Affairs , 1-7. Retrieved from http://www.australianreview.net/digest/2006/09/smith.html as on 14 October, 2008.
  • Trudgen, R. (2000).Why warriors lie down and die, Darwin, Australia: Aboriginal Resources and Development Services Inc..
  • Whitford, M. M. & Ruhanen, L. M. (2010). Australian Indigenous tourism policy: Practical and sustainable policies? Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 18(4), 475-496.
  • Wilson, M., Stearne, A., Gray, D. & Saggers, S. (2010). The harmful use of alcohol amongst Indigenous Australians. Australian Indigenous Health Reviews, 4, 1-19. Retrieved http://www.healthinfonet.ecu.edu.au/alcoholuse_reivew as 17 October 2011.
  • Wood, G. J. & Davidson, M. J. (2011). A review of male and female Australian Indigenous entrepreneur. Gender in Management: An International Journal, 26(4), 311-326.
  • Worsley, P. M. (1955). Early Asian contacts with Australia. Past and Present, 7, 1-11.
  • Wurst, T. (2009). Suicide in North East Arnhem Land: An overview of suicide trends amongst the population of East Arnhem Land from January 1st 2007 to December 31st 2008, Nhulunbuy, Northern Territory: Nhulunbuy Police Station.
  • Yeung, A., Warner, M. & Rowley, C. (2008). Growth and globalisation: Evolution of human resource management practices in Asia. Human Resource Management, 47(1), 1-13.
  • Yunupingu, G. (2009). Tradition, truth and tomorrow, The Monthly , December 2008- January 2009, 3240.

Downloads

No downloads have been recorded for this article yet. Figures appear here once readers begin downloading the full text.

How to Cite

Pearson, C. A. L., & Helms, K. (2012). Conversations with Australian Indigenous Females Revealing Their Motives When Establishing a Sustainable Small Business. Information Management and Business Review, 4(6), 299-310. https://doi.org/10.22610/imbr.v4i6.984

Share this article

Section

Research Paper

Published

2012-06-15

Submissions

Have research to publish? Information Management and Business Review welcomes submissions.

Make a Submission