Abstract
This study focuses on the relationship between millennial medical tourists' motivations for visiting Penang and their intention to revisit. This study seeks to discover major variables of satisfaction and loyalty within this market group by investigating the factors that influence millennials' choice of Penang for medical tourism. Data were collected via Google Form surveys from millennial medical tourists in Penang. The findings will provide a comprehensive understanding of this demographic. The findings will also identify the relationship between the motivation of medical visits among millennial tourists in Penang and revisit intention.
Keywords
- Medical Tourism Search this journal for Medical Tourism (opens in a new tab)
- Millennial Tourists Search this journal for Millennial Tourists (opens in a new tab)
- Motivation Search this journal for Motivation (opens in a new tab)
- Revisit Intention Search this journal for Revisit Intention (opens in a new tab)
References
- Alpert, L., Han, J., & Chen, P. C. (2011). Medical tourism: An exploratory study of push and pull factors. In Tourism and Marketing Studies. 154-162. Springer, Berlin, Heidelberg.
- Ashton, A. S. (2018). Spiritual retreat tourism development in the Asia Pacific region: investigating the impact of tourist satisfaction and intention to revisit: a Chiang Mai, Thailand case study. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 23(11), 1098–1114. https://doi.org/10.1080/10941665.2018.1526198
- Barnes, C. M., & Brown, R. P. (2019). The role of relaxation in enhancing the recovery process following surgery. Journal of Nursing Scholarship, 51(4), 381-390.
- Beladi, H., Chao, C., Ee, H. O., & Hollas, P. (2019). Revisit intention for medical services: An investigation on Penang as a medical tourism hub. Malaysian Journal of Applied Communication Economics, 26(2), 31-47.
- Chandrashekar, A. J. (2021). Medical Tourism in Penang: An Analysis of Penerbit UTHM. https://publisher.uthm.edu.my/periodicals/index.php/rmtb/article/view/5139
- Cham, T., Lim, Y. M., Sia, B., Cheah, J., & Ting, H. (2020). Medical Tourism Destination Image and its Relationship with the Intention to Revisit: A Study of Chinese Medical Tourists in Malaysia. Journal of China Tourism Research, 17(2), 163–191. https://doi.org/10.1080/19388160.2020.1734514
- Chen, L. J., & Chen, W. P. (2015). Push-pull factors in international birders' travel. Tourism Management, 48, 416–425. https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0261517714002532
- Chih, H.-L., Wu, S.-F., & Lee, C.-F. (2023). Exploring the role of tourist photography in memory making and travel storytelling. Journal of Hospitality and Leisure Management, 39, 1-13.
- Cho, H.-Y., Chang, H.-C., & Han, H.-M. (2020). The moderating effects of service quality on the relationships between destination image, satisfaction, and revisit intention: Evidence from cruise tourists. Tourism Management, 84, 104255.
- Dermawan, A. (2022). Penang informs the fed govt it is not accepting medical tourists for now. George Town: New Straits Times. https://www.nst.com.my/amp/news/nation/2020/08/617562/penang-informs-fed-govt-it-not-accepting-medical-tourists-now
- Green, A., & White, B. (2019). Sustainable Tourism: A Millennial Perspective. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 27(5), 603-619.
- Gretzel, U., Yoo, J., & Lawson, P. (2019). Understanding tourist price consciousness: A cross-cultural comparison. Journal of Hospitality Marketing & Management, 28(8), 980-1003.
- Han, H. J., Lee, E. J., & Shin, H. J. (2020). The effects of relaxation training on anxiety and post-operative pain in breast cancer surgery patients. Complementary Therapies in Medicine, 75, 102540.
- Huyghebaert, T., Peeters, E., & Decorte, L. (2020). Cultural immersion tourism: An experiential perspective. Annals of Tourism Research, 83, 102995.
- Ivanov, S., & Pavlov, N. (2020). Price transparency and tourist price awareness: Evidence from online travel bookings. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 86, 104135.
- Johnson, M., & Brown, R. (2018). The Impact of Social Media on Millennial Travel Decisions."Tourism Management Perspectives, 26, 74-78.
- Jones, L., & Smith, P. (2020). Overtourism and Millennial Tourists: Challenges and Solutions." International Journal of Tourism Research, 22(3), 321-336.
- Kang, H., Moon, H. J., & Kim, J. (2019). Cultural immersion experiences and psychological well-being in medical tourism: A serial mediation model. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 79, 125-133.
- Khan, M. A., & Alam, S. S. (2014). Medical tourism: Definition, drivers, and destinations. Journal of Global Business Management, 9(1), 36-45.
- Lee, J. S., & Kim, J. J. (2019). Tourists' experiential values and satisfaction with experiential tourism products: A case study of the Korean traditional village. Tourism Management Perspectives, 32, 100540.
- Levy, M. (2019). Marketing Medicine to Millennials: Preparing Institutions and Regulations for Direct-to-Consumer Healthcare. California Western Law Review, 55(2), 9. https://scholarlycommons.law.cwsl.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1680&context=cwlr
- Liu, Y., & Beldona, S. (2021). Extracting revisit intentions from social media big data: a rule-based classification model. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 33(6), 2176–2193. https://doi.org/10.1108/ijchm-06-2020-0592
- Loon, C. S. (2018). Public Health concerns and implications of medical tourism in Penang. 237-240. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/tjph/issue/41354/500243
- Lugosi, M. J. (2021). The role of souvenirs in travel narratives: A thematic analysis of tourists' Instagram posts. Tourism Recreation Research, 46(3), 396-410.
- Millennial Travel: Understanding the trends and their expectations(2023). Oaky EN. https://oaky.com/en/blog/millennial-travel
- Mohamed, B. (2015). Understanding Medical Tourist Perception of Private Hospital Quality in Penang Island. ResearchGate. https://pdfs.semanticscholar.org/2abd/49478b4a0dd2b6e471b115ed9d6d8d67325e.pdf
- Mondok, A. (2019). New Generations- New Trends in the SPA Industry. https://ojs.lib.unideb.hu/economica/article/view/3741
- Narayanan, S. (2021). Medical Tourism in Malaysia: Growth, . Thailand and the world economy, 1-22. https://so05.tci-thaijo.org/index.php/TER/article/view/240359
- Rajput, A., & Gahfoor, R. Z. (2020). Satisfaction and revisit intentions at fast food restaurants. Future Business Journal, 6(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s43093-020-00021-0
- Roberts, N. F. (2023,). What is medical tourism? Traveling for Healthcare explained. Forbes. https://www.forbes.com/sites/nicoleroberts/2023/11/29/what-is-medical-tourism-traveling-for-healthcare-explained/
- Ruslan Zuhair Pulungan, D. A. (2021). Effect of Hospital Facilities and Doctor Services on Decision of People in Medan City Going to Penang. International Journal of Science and Healthcare Research. https://www.academia.edu/download/66182442/IJSHR048.pdf
- Smith, J., et al. (2017). Millennials and Travel: Exploring Motivations and Preferences. Journal of Travel Research, 55(8), 1025-1049.
- Soleimani, A., & Einolahzadeh, H. (2018). The influence of service quality on revisit intention: The mediating role of WOM and satisfaction (Case study: Guilan travel agencies). Cogent Social Sciences, 4(1), 1560651. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2018.1560651
- Salmi Mohd Isa, G. S. (2019). Patients’ intent to revisit with trust as the mediating role: lessons from Penang Malaysia. Emerald insight. https://www.emerald.com/insight/content/doi/10.1108/IJPHM-10-2017-0056/full/html
- Tat- Huei Cham, B. S. (2020). Medical Tourism Destination Imagd and its Relationship with the Internet Revisit: A study of Chinese Medical Tourist In Malaysia. ResearchGate. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/19388160.2020.1734514.
- Teo, T. H. J., Teoh, Y. S., & Yap, P. H. (2017). Intention to revisit Penang: A study of push and pull factors. UTAR Institutional Repository. http://eprints.utar.edu.my/2641/1/MK1701-022_Intention_to_revisit_Penang-A_study_of_Push_and_Pull_factors.pdf
- UNWTO (2023). Medical tourism: Trends and outlook. World Tourism Organization.
- Wu, C.-M., Wu, S.-H., & Lin, R.-H. (2023). Tourist revisit intention under social media influence: An integrated model of travel motivation, destination image, and perceived value. International Journal of Information Management, 69, 102506. https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/19388160.2020.1734514
Downloads
No downloads have been recorded for this article yet. Figures appear here once readers begin downloading the full text.
How to Cite
Share this article
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Mohd Hafidzie Mansor, Nurul Syuhada Jeffri, Nurul Nuralia Natasha Che Jantan (Author)

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Author (s) should affirm that the material has not been published previously. It has not been submitted and it is not under consideration by any other journal. At the same time author (s) need to execute a publication permission agreement to assume the responsibility of the submitted content and any omissions and errors therein. After submission of revised paper in the light of suggestions of the reviewers, the editorial team edits and formats manuscripts to bring uniformity and standardization in published material.
This work will be licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) and under condition of the license, users are free to read, copy, remix, transform, redistribute, download, print, search or link to the full texts of articles and even build upon their work as long as they credit the author for the original work. Moreover, as per journal policy author (s) hold and retain copyrights without any restrictions.
Keywords
- Medical Tourism Search this journal for Medical Tourism (opens in a new tab)
- Millennial Tourists Search this journal for Millennial Tourists (opens in a new tab)
- Motivation Search this journal for Motivation (opens in a new tab)
- Revisit Intention Search this journal for Revisit Intention (opens in a new tab)
Section
Published
Submissions
Have research to publish? Information Management and Business Review welcomes submissions.
Make a Submission