Abstract
This study aims to observe the determinants of the factors affecting household debt in Malaysia. This study has listed six independent variables that would affect Malaysia’s household debt: real interest rate, inflation rate, unemployment rate, household consumption expenditure, gross domestic product (GDP), and housing price index (HPI). This research was conducted by using annual data for 30 years (1991-2021); this study also used a quantitative approach to the collection of data using secondary data such as the website of the World Bank, Department of Statistics Malaysia, Eikon Thomson Reuters, and Bank Negara Malaysia. A theoretical model with the hypothesized relationships was tested with the help of the structural equation modelling procedures. Findings showed that the unemployment rate and gross domestic product have a positive and significant relationship with household debt. These determinants are directly affecting household debt in Malaysia, especially in microeconomic factors. This study will contribute to a better understanding that household debt can be influenced by other factors. Further study on the other determinants of household debt may result in varying results.
Keywords
- Household Debt Search this journal for Household Debt (opens in a new tab)
- Real Interest Rate Search this journal for Real Interest Rate (opens in a new tab)
- Inflation Rate Search this journal for Inflation Rate (opens in a new tab)
- Unemployment Rate Search this journal for Unemployment Rate (opens in a new tab)
- Household Consumption Expenditure Search this journal for Household Consumption Expenditure (opens in a new tab)
- Malaysia Search this journal for Malaysia (opens in a new tab)
- Gross Domestic Product (GDP) Search this journal for Gross Domestic Product (GDP) (opens in a new tab)
- Housing Price Index (HPI) Search this journal for Housing Price Index (HPI) (opens in a new tab)
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Copyright (c) 2023 Norliza Che Yahya, Bushra Mohd Zaki, Nik Norain Izzati Nik Azid, Nur Fatihah Mohd Ali, Nor Amanie Najihah Hussain (Author)

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Keywords
- Household Debt Search this journal for Household Debt (opens in a new tab)
- Real Interest Rate Search this journal for Real Interest Rate (opens in a new tab)
- Inflation Rate Search this journal for Inflation Rate (opens in a new tab)
- Unemployment Rate Search this journal for Unemployment Rate (opens in a new tab)
- Household Consumption Expenditure Search this journal for Household Consumption Expenditure (opens in a new tab)
- Malaysia Search this journal for Malaysia (opens in a new tab)
- Gross Domestic Product (GDP) Search this journal for Gross Domestic Product (GDP) (opens in a new tab)
- Housing Price Index (HPI) Search this journal for Housing Price Index (HPI) (opens in a new tab)
Section
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Vol. 15 No. 3(I) (2023)
Consumer Behaviour, Financial Literacy & Student Wellbeing
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