Abstract
Regional integration through the establishment of regional groupings has been taunted as a gateway to regional development and growth, the coming together of countries to share and contribute to knowledge, policy development, peace and security, trade and educational development is undoubtedly seen as the key to the development of Southern Africa. However, regional integration in Southern Africa has been hampered by numerous challenges which have derailed the quest of regional countries to deepen integration and cooperation. By strictly analyzing relevant literature related to regional integration in Southern Africa, it became evident that the region is engulfed with serious challenges that are hindering the quest for deeper integration, and often this is further compounded by internal economic challenges that members’ states are faced with. The study uncovered the fact that regional integration has been difficult to entrench as member states are confronted with numerous internal challenges which are diverting their need to focus on regional matters. Consequently, regional integration is under threat in Southern Africa as many countries are not effectively prioritizing the development of policies aimed at aiding its entrenchment, mainly because of the significance of the challenges that they are facing and this will further affect members’ states regarding socioeconomic development. The study underscored the importance for regional governments to cooperate on issues of common threats and urgently develop and institute policies/mechanisms that would ensure the entrenchment of regional integration and more importantly its sustainability.
Keywords
- Regional Integration Search this journal for Regional Integration (opens in a new tab)
- Socio-Economic Development Search this journal for Socio-Economic Development (opens in a new tab)
- Challenges Search this journal for Challenges (opens in a new tab)
- Cooperation Search this journal for Cooperation (opens in a new tab)
- Policy Search this journal for Policy (opens in a new tab)
References
- Aall, P. & Crocker, C. (2017). The Fabric of Peace in Africa: Looking Beyond the State. McGill-Queen's PressMQUP. Kingston
- Amutabi, M. & Nasong’o, S. (2013). Regime change and succession politics in Africa: five decades of misrule. Routledge. Abingdon
- Aris, S. & Wenger, A. (2013). Regional organisations and security: Conceptions and practices. Routledge. Abingdon
- Belshaw, D. (2002). International trade and trade (Ed). Chichester: Wiley, 380-089.
- Chidede, T. (2017). Intra-SADC trade remains limited: How can it be boosted? Retrieved from: https://www.tralac.org.
- Chingono, M. & Nakana, S. (2009). The challenges of regional integration in Southern Africa. African Journal of Political Science and International Relations, 3(10), 396-408.
- Chiozza, G. & Goemans, H. (2011). Leaders and international conflict. Cambridge University Press. Cambridge
- Copson, R. (2007). The United States in Africa: Bush Policy and Beyond. Zed Books. New York
- Crush, J. & Dodson, B. (2017). Harnessing Migration for Inclusive Growth and Development in Southern Africa. Southern African Migration Programme. Cape Town. South Africa
- De Bruyn, S. (2012). Economic growth and the environment: An empirical analysis (Vol. 18). Springer Science & Business Media. Berlin
- De Lombaerde, P., Estevadeordal, A. & Suominen, K. (2008). Governing regional integration for development: monitoring experiences, methods and prospects. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. Farnham
- Deacon, B., Macovei, M., Van Langenhove, L. & Yeates, N. (2009). World-regional social policy and global governance: New research and policy agendas in Africa, Asia, Europe and Latin America. Routledge. Abingdon
- Elbushra, A., Karim, I. & Suleiman, I. (2011). The role of COMESA in promoting intra-regional agricultural trade: Case study of Sudan. Journal of the Saudi Society of Agricultural Sciences, 10(2), 59-64.
- Elhiraika, A., Mukungu, A. & Nyoike, W. (2016). Regional Integration and Policy Challenges in Africa. Springer.
- Faye, M., McArthur, J., Sachs, J. & Snow, T. (2004). The challenges facing landlocked developing countries. Journal of Human Development, 5(1), 31-68.
- Ferreira, P. (2011). Monetary integration in the European Union. Journal of Emerging Market Finance, 10(1), 93-120.
- Fosu, A. (2015). Growth and institutions in African Development (Vol. 117). Routledge. Abingdon
- Gathii, J. (2011). African regional trade agreements as legal regimes (Vol. 6). Cambridge University Press. Cambridge
- Gekonge, C. (2013). Emerging Business Opportunities in Africa: Market Entry, Competitive Strategy, and the Promotion of Foreign Direct Investments: Market Entry, Competitive Strategy, and the Promotion of Foreign Direct Investments. IGI Global. New Delhi
- Gutowski, A., Knedlik, T., Osakwe, P., Ramdoo, I. & Wohlmuth, K. (2016). Africa's Progress in Regional and Global Economic Integration-Towards Transformative Regional Integration (Vol. 18). LIT Verlag Münster. Hmaburg
- Hallaert, J. (2007). Can Regional Integration Accelerate Development in Africa? CGE Model Simulations of the Impact of the SADC FTA on the Republic of Madagascar (No. 7-66). International Monetary Fund.
- Hepple, B. (2005). Labour laws and global trade. Bloomsbury Publishing. London
- Huang, J. (2010). The law and regulation of central counterparties. Bloomsbury Publishing. London
- Jabara, C., Harman, J., Corey, R., Gash, A., Pogany, P. & Brown, L. (1996). US–Africa Trade Flows and Effects of the Uruguay Round Agreements. United Stated Trade Commission. Washington DC
- Jamison, D. (2006). Disease and mortality in sub-Saharan Africa. World Bank Publications. Washington DC
- Jenkins, C. (2001). Integration and Co-operation in Southern Africa. OECD. Paris
- Jenkins, C., Leape, J. & Thomas, L. (2000). Gaining from Trade in Southern Africa: complementary policies to underpin the SADC Free Trade Area. Springer. Berlin
- Kanyenze, G. & Jauch, L. (2016). Towards Democratic Development States in Southern Africa. Langaa RPCIG. Bamenda
- Kararach, G. & Besada, H. (2016). Development in Africa: refocusing the lens after the Millennium Development Goals. Policy Press. Bristol
- Kawendu, D. (2009). SADC in the 21st Century. Retrieved from: http://www.southernafricatrust.org
- Kawulich, B. (2005). Participant observation as a data collection method. In Forum Qualitative Sozial forschung/Forum: Qualitative Social Research (Vol. 6, No. 2).
- Khandelwal, P. (2004). COMESA and SADC: Prospects and challenges for regional trade integration (No. 4-227). International Monetary Fund. Washington
- Kühnhardt, L. (2010). Region-building: Vol. I: The Global Proliferation of Regional Integration. Berghahn Books. Marion
- Lewis, J. (2001). Reform and opportunity: The changing role and patterns of trade in South Africa and SADC (p. 22). World Bank. Washington
- Madyo, M. (2009). The importance of regional economic integration in Africa (Doctoral dissertation). University of South Africa. South Africa
- Mapuva, J. & Muyengwa-Mapuva, L. (2014). The SADC regional bloc: What challenges and prospects for regional integration? Law, Democracy and Development, 18, 22-36.
- Maumbe, B. (2009). E-Agriculture and E-Government for Global Policy Development: Implications and Future Directions: Implications and Future Directions. IGI Global. New Delhi
- Mayr, K. & Peri, G. (2009). Brain drain and brain return: theory and application to Eastern-Western Europe. The BE Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy, 9(1).
- Mbuya, J. (2000). The AIDS Epidemic in South Africa: A Practical Guide for Every Family. Dr John Chibaya Mbuya. Sunny Printers
- McNamee, T., Pearson, M. & Boer, W. (2015). Africans investing in Africa: Understanding business and trade, sector by sector. Springer. Berlin
- Mekonnen, A. (2015). The West and China in Africa: Civilization without Justice. Wipf and Stock Publishers. Eugene
- Miller, N. (2010). Trent University 2010, Understanding a theoretical framework, Trent University. Retrieved from: http://www.trentu.ca
- Moreira, M. (2004). Brazil's trade liberalization and growth: has it failed? (Vol. 24). Bid-intal. Rio
- Morna, C. & Dube, S. (2014). SADC gender protocol 2014 barometer. Gender Links. Cyrildene
- Mundial, B. (1992). Global economic prospects and the developing countries. World Bank. Washington
- Narlikar, A. (2011). The small States in Multilateral Economic Negotiations. Taylor & Francis. London
- Nathan, L. (2013). Community of insecurity: SADC's struggle for peace and security in southern Africa. Ashgate Publishing, Ltd. Farnham
- Nshimbi, C. & Moyo, I. eds. (2017). Migration, Cross-border Trade and Development in Africa: Exploring the Role of Non-State Actors in the SADC Region. Springer. Berlin
- Omamo, S. & von Grebmer, K. (2005). Biotechnology, agriculture, and food security in southern Africa. Intl Food Policy Res Inst. Washington, DC
- Oosthuizen, G. (2006). The Southern African Development Community: the organisation, its policies and prospects. Institute for Global Dialogue. Pretoria
- Oppong, R. (2011). Legal Aspects of Economic Integration in Africa. Cambridge University Press. New York
- Plummer, M., Cheong, D. & Hamanaka, S. (2011). Methodology for impact assessment of free trade agreements. Asian Development Bank. Mandaluyong
- Porter, A. (2017). Extreme poverty set to rise across Southern Africa. Retrieved from: www.sadc.int/. [Accessed 17 March 2017]
- Ramutsindela, M. (2007). Transfrontier conservation in Africa: At the confluence of capital, politics and nature. Cabi. Wallingford
- Rönnmar, M. (2011). Labour law, fundamental rights and social Europe. Bloomsbury Publishing. London
- Ross, R. (2008). A concise history of South Africa. Cambridge University Press. Cambridge
- SADC. (2012). Trade in Southern Africa. Retrieved from: www.sadc.int/.
- Skoet, J. & Stamoulis, K. (2006). The state of food insecurity in the world 2006: Eradicating world hungertaking stock ten years after the world food summit. Food & Agriculture Organization. Rome
- Söderbaum, F. (2004). The political economy of regionalism: the case of Southern Africa. Springer. Berlin
- Soesastro, H. (2006). Regional integration in East Asia: Achievements and future prospects. Asian Economic Policy Review, 1(2), 215-234.
- Sorgenfrei, C. (2011). Optimum Currency Areas: A Monetary Union for Southern Africa. Diplomica Verlag. Hamburg
- Takács, S. (2015). The Modern World: Civilizations of Africa, Civilizations of Europe, Civilizations of the Americas, Civilizations of the Middle East and Southwest Asia, Civilizations of Asia and the Pacific. Routledge. Abingdon
- Tangri, R. & Mwenda, A. (2013). The politics of elite corruption in Africa: Uganda in comparative African perspective (Vol. 3). Routledge. Abingdon
- Teferi, D. (2010). Role of civil society organisations in the realisation of human rights in Africa and the effect of regulatory mechanisms on their functions: Ethiopia and Ghana perspective. University of Pretoria. Pretoria
- Tekere, M. (2007). Regional Integration, economic growth and poverty reduction in Southern Africa. London. Oxford University Press
- Tekere, M. (2012). Regional trade integration, economic growth and poverty reduction in Southern Africa. African Books Collective. Cape Town
- Than, M. & Gates, C. (2001). ASEAN Enlargement: Impacts & Implications. Institute of Southeast Asian Studies.Singapore
- Tralac. (2017). SADC for increased intra-regional and international trade. Retrieved from: https://www.tralac.org.
- Transparency International. (2011). Corruption is getting worse in southern Africa and most people pay bribes for public services. Retrieved from: https://www.transparency.org.
- USA International Business Publications. (2011). Southern African Development Community (Sadc) Business Law Handbook. International Business publication. Washington DC
- Vlassenroot, K. & Raeymaekers, T. (2004). Conflict and social transformation in Eastern DR Congo. Academia Press. Belgium
- Yin, J. (2012). Urban Planning for dummies. John Wiley & Sons. Hoboken
- Zeb, M. (2012). Native Peoples of the World: An Encyclopaedia of Groups.Cultures, and Contemporary Issues, 3, 674-675.
- Zungu-Dirwayi, N. (2004). 9An Audit of HIV/AIDS Policies in Botswana, Lesotho, Mozambique, South Africa, Swaziland and Zimbabwe. HSRC Press. Pretoria
Downloads
No downloads have been recorded for this article yet. Figures appear here once readers begin downloading the full text.
How to Cite
Share this article
License
Copyright (c) 2018 Victor H Mlambo, Daniel N Mlambo (Author)

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Author (s) should affirm that the material has not been published previously. It has not been submitted and it is not under consideration by any other journal. At the same time author (s) need to execute a publication permission agreement to assume the responsibility of the submitted content and any omissions and errors therein. After submission of revised paper in the light of suggestions of the reviewers, the editorial team edits and formats manuscripts to bring uniformity and standardization in published material.
This work will be licensed under Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International (CC BY 4.0) and under condition of the license, users are free to read, copy, remix, transform, redistribute, download, print, search or link to the full texts of articles and even build upon their work as long as they credit the author for the original work. Moreover, as per journal policy author (s) hold and retain copyrights without any restrictions.
Keywords
- Regional Integration Search this journal for Regional Integration (opens in a new tab)
- Socio-Economic Development Search this journal for Socio-Economic Development (opens in a new tab)
- Challenges Search this journal for Challenges (opens in a new tab)
- Cooperation Search this journal for Cooperation (opens in a new tab)
- Policy Search this journal for Policy (opens in a new tab)
Section
Published in
Vol. 10 No. 2(J) (2018)
Work, Skills & Economic Policy in African Markets
View issue contents
Published
Submissions
Have research to publish? Journal of Economics and Behavioral Studies welcomes submissions.
Make a Submission